富谷灣區Pukubavan

富谷灣區Pukubavan

以排灣族語命名此區為「富谷灣」,意指穀倉之意,也有豐收的意涵,展現不同族群的傳統建築工藝美學。

富谷灣上段設有鄒族、布農族、拉阿魯哇族、卡那卡那富族傳統建築,可以眺望美麗的隘寮溪及三地村,下段有排灣族、魯凱族及邵族的傳統建築,部分家屋提供工藝家展示琉璃珠及剌福球、排灣族手紋、串珠、傳統服飾等體驗活動、值得玩賞。



Welcome to Pukubavan, which in Paiwan language means harvest. In this area, visitors could learn about the traditional architectural aesthetic beauty and wisdom of different indigenous groups.

The upper part of Pukubavan contains traditional houses of Tsou, Bunun, Hla’alua and Kanakanavu. From up there, visitors can overlook Ailiao River and Sandimen Village. The lower part of Pukubavan exhibits traditional houses of Paiwan, Rukai and Thao.

Visitors can try on traditional costumes, watch how glass beads are made in some of the traditional Paiwan houses, as well as doing activities such as Paiwan hand tattoo, and pricking rattan ball for receiving blessings.

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32傳遞森林的訊息 Delivering Messages of the Forest

藝術家: 拉夫拉斯.馬帝靈 /排灣族 Artist: Lavuras Matilin /Paiwan 2015 運用金屬建構猶如影子殺的人像雕塑,這形象可能代表著成人、旅人、孩子,甚至是任何觀者所想像的角色,對拉夫拉斯而言,他對作品「人」的角色並沒有特別偏重,比較希望觀者自我認定角色。被掏空的心口,代表著縱使離鄉背井,也始終把心繫在家門。 拉夫拉斯運用了大型巨木製作手提包包,傳達的是「訊息」的概念。包包隊我們來說,可能只是所謂的行囊,或是一件禮物,但拉夫拉斯賦予另一種含意,這「訊息」可能是給人的消息,也可能是給自然:可能是好消息,也可能是壞消息,也或許是一個包袱,甚至敘述著我們不曾知道的故事與我們忽略的事情。 This artwork is to represent the messages that come from the forest. The use of metal to construct a shadow-like portrait is to illustrate the image of an adult, a traveler, a child, or even any character imagined by the viewer. The hollowed-out heart means that even if you leave your hometown, you will always keep your heart at home. Lavras used a large giant wood to make a handbag, conveying the concept of "message". This "message" may be for people or for nature. It may be good news or bad news. It could be a bag of burden or stories that we didn't know about and things that we have ignored.

33智者的記憶 Memories of the Wise

藝術家:雷斌(瑪斯斯格.金碌兒) /排灣族 Artist: Masiswagger Zingrur /Paiwan 2018 創作的靈感來自於這十五年雷斌在部落所得到的文化養分,他塑造了智慧之「樹」來做為創作的主體,對他來說那棵「樹」就像智慧一樣,它不斷的在生長到茂盛結果實,然後一直重覆,這樣的重覆開始不斷的結出果實的過程,就像是這樣的智慧與記憶是取之不盡,源源不絕的。 主要想傳達面對文化的時候要用非常纖細的態度去看待它,用謹慎的態度去面對和分析,最後到實踐文化。 The inspiration for this artwork came from the cultural nourishment that Zingrur has received from the tribe over the past 15 years. He created this tree because to him, trees are like wisdom that keep growing until it prospers and bears fruit, and then it repeats all over again. Similarly, the wisdom and memory that we have, they grow endlessly. He wants to convey the message that when facing culture, we should look at it with a very mindful attitude, be cautious when facing and analyzing it, and finally practice the culture.

34排灣族傳統建築 Traditional Paiwan Architecture

排灣族分佈廣闊,建材使用因地域性而異;因階級制度明顯,爰聚落貴族與平民家屋差異甚大,為一特色。 貴族家屋前橫楣有雕刻,前庭寬廣,設有臺座,上有神柱,室內中柱與床柱刻有祖先雕像,屋前部床臺與後內壁專放陶罐設計,是平民家屋不會有的設施。 家屋基本上可分為兩種基本型態: 一是石板建造,無論牆砌、庭院、屋頂全使用石材。 大門開於正面偏右或偏左的,入口極小,須低頭始能進入,惟入內後豁然開朗。北、中排灣屬之。 一是以木板或石板為牆面,屋頂覆以茅草。大門開於正面中央或兩側,亦可能有三個入口。南排灣、東排灣屬之。 另牡丹鄉排灣族受漢人影響利用土角為牆。 The Paiwan ethnic group has a wide distribution, and the use of building materials varies according to the region. Due to the obvious class system, there is a big difference between the nobles and the commoners, which is a characteristic. There are carvings on the lintel in front of the noble house, the front courtyard is wide, there is a pedestal, and there are god columns on it. There will be facilities. There are basically two basic types of houses: The first is the construction of slate, whether the walls, courtyards, and roofs are all made of stone. The door opens to the right or left of the front. The entrance is very small. You have to bow your head to enter, but you will suddenly be enlightened after entering. North and Zhong Pai Bay belong to it. One is to use wood or slate as the wall, and the roof is covered with thatch. Doors open in the center or on both sides of the front, and there may also be three entrances. South Paiwan and East Paiwan belong to it. In addition, the Paiwan people in Mudan Township were influenced by the Han people to use the soil corners as walls.

35邵族傳統建築 Traditional Thao Architecture

邵族族名源自邵族語thao(thaw)而來,意指「人」。邵族祖居地被稱為「水沙連」,該地自然生態豐富,也孕育出邵族人獨特的文化。 邵族現居日月潭一帶,戶數大約60餘戶,人口數約500人,是臺灣最袖珍的原住民族。 邵族的住屋可以分為私用家屋及公用會所,祖靈屋在舉行重要祭典時才會興建,平常難以一窺堂奧。 邵族傳統家屋以方形或長方形為基地,「兩坡式」屋頂覆以茅草,牆壁以竹編居多。建築材料以木材、竹子、石片等自然材質為主。漢人文化影響,開始使用土角、瓦片等,經過日治時期及現代生活洗禮,現房舍多為鋼筋混泥土所造,與漢人住家無異。(250字) The Thao name comes from the Thao word thaw (thaw), which means "people". The ancestral home of the Thao people is called "Shuishalian", which is rich in natural ecology and nurtures the unique culture of the Thao people. The Thao people now live in the area around Sun Moon Lake, with more than 60 households and a population of about 500 people. They are the most compact aborigines in Taiwan. Thao houses can be divided into private houses and public clubs. The ancestral house is only built when important ceremonies are held, and it is usually difficult to see the mystery. The Thao traditional house is based on a square or rectangle, with a "two-sloped" roof covered with thatch, and most of the walls are made of bamboo. The building materials are mainly natural materials such as wood, bamboo and stone chips. Influenced by the culture of the Han people, they began to use earth corners, tiles, etc. After the baptism of the Japanese occupation period and modern life, the current houses are mostly made of reinforced concrete, which is no different from the houses of the Han people.

36魯凱族傳統建築 Traditional Rukai Architecture

魯凱族的家屋以「石板屋」最具代表性,但並非所有的魯凱族人都居住於石板屋中,因為魯凱族有東魯凱群、西魯凱群以及下三社群等三大族群,生活環境的差異使得他們也發展出不同的聚落與文化。 西魯凱族群以及下三社族群居住於臺灣南部地區的低海拔山區,氣候炎熱、潮濕,同時因為雨量多,當地多黏板岩質的土壤容易崩落,因此魯凱族發展出以崩落石板為建材的石板屋,不僅善用自然資源,同時石板屋冬暖夏涼,適合當地的氣候,石板屋可說是魯凱族獨特生活智慧的展現。 東魯凯群就因為石板取得不易,而以木材、竹子為主要房屋建材,同時因為強敵環伺而發展出青少年集會所。

37卡那卡那富族傳統建築 Traditional Kanakanavu Architecture

卡那卡那富族主要分佈在高雄市那瑪夏區,過去歸屬於鄒族,2014年6月26日,正名為卡那卡那富族。 該族家屋主要建材為木柱、竹牆,及茅草屋頂。地基依地形有縱深與橫長型。室內有石灶、吊棚、床,據文獻紀錄,室內還有埋葬先人的場所。橫長型家屋前面中央設置正門,兩側壁面各開側門,為兩坡斜面式,短垣高頂,爐灶設於側門內,灶上有吊棚,用以存放食具或烤乾肉類,並另掛木鈎加置吊棚,以擋塵土。房屋另三隅配置茅菅編成之床,床架為竹製,外繞茅菅,室內後壁懸掛獸骨。 Kanakanavu people are mainly distributed in the Namaxia district of Kaohsiung City. In the past, they were categorized as the Tsou (Cou) tribe. On June 26, 2014, they were officially recognised as Kanakanavu. The main materials used in building this house are wooden pillars, bamboo walls, and thatched roofs. The shape of the foundation depends on the terrain. Inside the house, there are stone stoves, hanging shelves and beds. According to literature records, there is a place inside for burying ancestors.

38鄒族傳統建築 Traditional Tsou (Cou) Architecture

鄒族生活空間及領地以家族為標界,如某條溪流上游是莊家所有,下游是溫家所有,某獵場屬於汪家所有等,更鞏固了家族間的關係。 鄒族是以男性為主的社會,男子集會所為部落的地標,家屋使用亦反映性別分野,例如阿里山鄒族的將面向家屋東方的前門定義為男性出入口,西方的後門為女性出入口。 該族傳統住屋以茅草搭蓋,主屋旁設有獸骨架(hufu)做為放獸骨、武器和各種禁忌品之處,女性不得接近。 The living space and territory of the Tsou (Cou) people are demarcated by lineage groups. For example, the upstream of a certain stream is owned by the Zhuang family, the downstream is owned by the Wen family, and the hunting ground is owned by the Wang family, which further consolidates the relationship between the families. Tsou (Cou) has a patriarchal society and the use of buildings is reflected by it. For example, the east-facing door is the front entrance used by men only, while the door facing west is the back door used by women. Also, there is a space next to the house for placing animal skulls, weapons and various forbidden items, which women are not allowed to approach. The men's assembly hall, in particular, is the landmark of the tribe. It is where men make decisions for the tribe and so women are not allowed inside.

39拉阿魯哇族傳統建築 Traditional Hla'alua Architecture

拉阿魯哇族主要分佈在高雄市桃源區及那瑪夏區,過去歸屬於鄒族,2014年6月26日,正名為拉阿魯阿族。 拉阿魯哇族的家屋平面為長方型平地式地基,前後兩斜坡式茅葺屋頂,牆壁以茅莖砌成。家屋外觀和結構與鄒族傳統橢圓形家屋相似,惟規模較小。正門入口位於右側,灶爐設於中央偏左或偏右,寢床對稱設於灶爐二側。 仿製重建1940年燕爾社之家屋,平面為矩形,設有兩處入口,床舖三張,無障壁,爐靠牆壁。 Hla’alua people are mainly distributed in Taoyuan and Namxia districts of Kaohsiung City. In the past, they were categorized as Tsou (Cou) people. On June 26, 2014, they were officially recognised as Hla’alua. The traditional house sits on a flat rectangular foundation, has a thatched roof and walls. The appearance and structure of the house is similar to that of the Tsou (Cou)’s, but only smaller. The main entrance is located on the right, the stove is slightly right or left from the center, and the beds are placed symmetrically on both sides of the stove. This house is a reconstruction of the 1940s house in Yan’er Village. It has a rectangular foundation, two entrances, three beds, no partition walls, and a stove against the wall.

40布農族傳統建築 Traditional Bunun Architecture

布農族主要分佈在埔里以南中央山脈及其東側,傳統住居地分佈在500至3000公尺之間,是臺灣原住民住居地最高的民族。傳統房屋材料包含板岩、木材、茅草、藤皮和檜木皮,並以板岩屋和檜木皮屋最具特色。 布農族傳統住屋窗戶少,建築低矮封閉,易於禦敵防獸;住家建築型態完備,除主屋外,有獨立的雞舍、豬舍,部落領袖的家屋旁還有敵首棚架。 布農族係山田燒墾與狩獵維生,因山田燒墾面積廣大,而出現散居的形式,農作與狩獵又需要較多勞力,大家庭制度應運而生。 該族是以男性(父親)為主的社會體系,子女們依興趣與專長各司其職。因此,一個布農住家常由幾個小家庭合組,也比其他族群大得多。 Bunun people are mainly distributed in the north, south and east of Puli Township, with traditional territory ranging from 500 to 3,000 meters above sea level. Hence, they are the highest-inhabiting ethnic group in Taiwan. Traditional building materials included slate stones, timber, thatch and rattan. Traditional Bunun houses have few windows and sit low on the ground to defend from dangerous creatures. Other than the main dwelling, there are separate chicken coops and pigsties. There is even a shed for placing enemies’ heads at the chief’s house. Bunun people lived off agriculture and hunting. The slash and burn agricultural system required a large scale of land, which resulted in people living far apart. However, farming and hunting require a lot of labor, and so the people developed a system of extended family. Bunun has a patriarchal society, and each child grows up with an interest or profession in different fields. Therefore, a Bunun dwelling usually consists of many small families, which are much larger than other ethnic groups.

45富谷灣區 Pukubavan

以排灣族語命名此區為「富谷灣」,意指穀倉之意,也有豐收的意涵,展現不同族群的傳統建築工藝美學。 富谷灣上段設有鄒族、布農族、拉阿魯哇族、卡那卡那富族傳統建築,可以眺望美麗的隘寮溪及三地村,下段有排灣族、魯凱族及邵族的傳統建築,部分家屋提供工藝家展示琉璃珠及剌福球、排灣族手紋、串珠、傳統服飾等體驗活動、值得玩賞。 Welcome to Pukubavan, which in Paiwan language means harvest. In this area, visitors could learn about the traditional architectural aesthetic beauty and wisdom of different indigenous groups. The upper part of Pukubavan contains traditional houses of Tsou, Bunun, Hla’alua and Kanakanavu. From up there, visitors can overlook Ailiao River and Sandimen Village. The lower part of Pukubavan exhibits traditional houses of Paiwan, Rukai and Thao. Visitors can try on traditional costumes, watch how glass beads are made in some of the traditional Paiwan houses, as well as doing activities such as Paiwan hand tattoo, and pricking rattan ball for receiving blessings.