36魯凱族傳統建築 Traditional Rukai Architecture
魯凱族的家屋以「石板屋」最具代表性,但並非所有的魯凱族人都居住於石板屋中,因為魯凱族有東魯凱群、西魯凱群以及下三社群等三大族群,生活環境的差異使得他們也發展出不同的聚落與文化。
西魯凱族群以及下三社族群居住於臺灣南部地區的低海拔山區,氣候炎熱、潮濕,同時因為雨量多,當地多黏板岩質的土壤容易崩落,因此魯凱族發展出以崩落石板為建材的石板屋,不僅善用自然資源,同時石板屋冬暖夏涼,適合當地的氣候,石板屋可說是魯凱族獨特生活智慧的展現。
東魯凯群就因為石板取得不易,而以木材、竹子為主要房屋建材,同時因為強敵環伺而發展出青少年集會所。
34排灣族傳統建築 Traditional Paiwan Architecture
排灣族分佈廣闊,建材使用因地域性而異;因階級制度明顯,爰聚落貴族與平民家屋差異甚大,為一特色。
貴族家屋前橫楣有雕刻,前庭寬廣,設有臺座,上有神柱,室內中柱與床柱刻有祖先雕像,屋前部床臺與後內壁專放陶罐設計,是平民家屋不會有的設施。
家屋基本上可分為兩種基本型態:
一是石板建造,無論牆砌、庭院、屋頂全使用石材。
大門開於正面偏右或偏左的,入口極小,須低頭始能進入,惟入內後豁然開朗。北、中排灣屬之。
一是以木板或石板為牆面,屋頂覆以茅草。大門開於正面中央或兩側,亦可能有三個入口。南排灣、東排灣屬之。
另牡丹鄉排灣族受漢人影響利用土角為牆。
The Paiwan ethnic group has a wide distribution, and the use of building materials varies according to the region. Due to the obvious class system, there is a big difference between the nobles and the commoners, which is a characteristic.
There are carvings on the lintel in front of the noble house, the front courtyard is wide, there is a pedestal, and there are god columns on it. There will be facilities.
There are basically two basic types of houses:
The first is the construction of slate, whether the walls, courtyards, and roofs are all made of stone.
The door opens to the right or left of the front. The entrance is very small. You have to bow your head to enter, but you will suddenly be enlightened after entering. North and Zhong Pai Bay belong to it.
One is to use wood or slate as the wall, and the roof is covered with thatch. Doors open in the center or on both sides of the front, and there may also be three entrances. South Paiwan and East Paiwan belong to it.
In addition, the Paiwan people in Mudan Township were influenced by the Han people to use the soil corners as walls.
33智者的記憶 Memories of the Wise
藝術家:雷斌(瑪斯斯格.金碌兒) /排灣族
Artist: Masiswagger Zingrur /Paiwan
2018
創作的靈感來自於這十五年雷斌在部落所得到的文化養分,他塑造了智慧之「樹」來做為創作的主體,對他來說那棵「樹」就像智慧一樣,它不斷的在生長到茂盛結果實,然後一直重覆,這樣的重覆開始不斷的結出果實的過程,就像是這樣的智慧與記憶是取之不盡,源源不絕的。
主要想傳達面對文化的時候要用非常纖細的態度去看待它,用謹慎的態度去面對和分析,最後到實踐文化。
The inspiration for this artwork came from the cultural nourishment that Zingrur has received from the tribe over the past 15 years. He created this tree because to him, trees are like wisdom that keep growing until it prospers and bears fruit, and then it repeats all over again. Similarly, the wisdom and memory that we have, they grow endlessly.
He wants to convey the message that when facing culture, we should look at it with a very mindful attitude, be cautious when facing and analyzing it, and finally practice the culture.
32傳遞森林的訊息 Delivering Messages of the Forest
藝術家: 拉夫拉斯.馬帝靈 /排灣族
Artist: Lavuras Matilin /Paiwan
2015
運用金屬建構猶如影子殺的人像雕塑,這形象可能代表著成人、旅人、孩子,甚至是任何觀者所想像的角色,對拉夫拉斯而言,他對作品「人」的角色並沒有特別偏重,比較希望觀者自我認定角色。被掏空的心口,代表著縱使離鄉背井,也始終把心繫在家門。
拉夫拉斯運用了大型巨木製作手提包包,傳達的是「訊息」的概念。包包隊我們來說,可能只是所謂的行囊,或是一件禮物,但拉夫拉斯賦予另一種含意,這「訊息」可能是給人的消息,也可能是給自然:可能是好消息,也可能是壞消息,也或許是一個包袱,甚至敘述著我們不曾知道的故事與我們忽略的事情。
This artwork is to represent the messages that come from the forest. The use of metal to construct a shadow-like portrait is to illustrate the image of an adult, a traveler, a child, or even any character imagined by the viewer.
The hollowed-out heart means that even if you leave your hometown, you will always keep your heart at home.
Lavras used a large giant wood to make a handbag, conveying the concept of "message". This "message" may be for people or for nature. It may be good news or bad news. It could be a bag of burden or stories that we didn't know about and things that we have ignored.
29《安》樹<Peace>Tree
藝術家: 哈拿˙噶琉 /阿美族
Artist: Hana Keliw /Amis
2014
❰安❱樹是大自然生態的指標,生態豐富就是有無數生命……。
❰樹❱孕育種子生生不息傳延生命,所以生命能安逸、安心、就能安身立命的存在。
反觀人類耗盡資源而造成生態浩劫,人類忘了我們原來是大自然一部分,請請珍惜現在擁有的,讓我們學習擁抱大自然。
❰An❱ Tree is an indicator of nature's ecology. With an abundant ecology, there will be countless lives....
❰Trees❱ grow seeds, which has a meaning of endless circle of life, and so that living can be done at ease and in peace.
On the other hand, human beings have exhausted resources and caused ecological catastrophe. Humans have forgotten that we were originally part of nature. Please cherish what we have now, and let us learn to embrace nature.
28原住民族生活型態館 Exhibition Hall of Living Patterns
生活型態館,過去用於展出原住民族各族的傳統生活樣貌,現已改作為文化園區的第二展室館所,不定期展出原住民族當代藝術特展。
Before, the Exhibition Hall of Living Patterns used to display the traditional lifestyle of Taiwan indigenous peoples. Now it is the second exhibition hall in the Cultural Park, where special exhibitions of contemporary art of indigenous peoples are periodically displayed.